diff --git a/Lib/tarfile.py b/Lib/tarfile.py
index d0e7dec5575047..1394a26f2096ff 100644
--- a/Lib/tarfile.py
+++ b/Lib/tarfile.py
@@ -830,16 +830,22 @@ def _get_filtered_attrs(member, dest_path, for_data=True):
         if member.islnk() or member.issym():
             if os.path.isabs(member.linkname):
                 raise AbsoluteLinkError(member)
+            # A link member that resolves to the destination directory itself
+            # would replace it with a (sym)link, redirecting the destination
+            # for all subsequent members.
+            if target_path == dest_path:
+                raise OutsideDestinationError(member, target_path)
             normalized = os.path.normpath(member.linkname)
             if normalized != member.linkname:
                 new_attrs['linkname'] = normalized
             if member.issym():
-                target_path = os.path.join(dest_path,
-                                           os.path.dirname(name),
-                                           member.linkname)
+                # The symlink is created at `name` with trailing separators
+                # stripped, so its target is relative to the directory
+                # containing that path.
+                link_dir = os.path.dirname(name.rstrip('/' + os.sep))
+                target_path = os.path.join(dest_path, link_dir, normalized)
             else:
-                target_path = os.path.join(dest_path,
-                                           member.linkname)
+                target_path = os.path.join(dest_path, normalized)
             target_path = os.path.realpath(target_path,
                                            strict=os.path.ALLOW_MISSING)
             if os.path.commonpath([target_path, dest_path]) != dest_path:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_tarfile.py b/Lib/test/test_tarfile.py
index e270cbb22e2d1a..192c948edc6056 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_tarfile.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_tarfile.py
@@ -3911,10 +3911,19 @@ def test_parent_symlink(self):
                     + "which is outside the destination")
 
             with self.check_context(arc.open(), 'data'):
-                self.expect_exception(
-                    tarfile.LinkOutsideDestinationError,
-                    """'parent' would link to ['"].*outerdir['"], """
-                    + "which is outside the destination")
+                if self.dotdot_resolves_early:
+                    # 'current/../..' normalises to '..', which is rejected.
+                    self.expect_exception(
+                        tarfile.LinkOutsideDestinationError,
+                        """'parent' would link to ['"].*outerdir['"], """
+                        + "which is outside the destination")
+                else:
+                    # 'current/..' normalises to '.'; the rewritten link is
+                    # created and 'parent/evil' lands harmlessly inside the
+                    # destination.
+                    self.expect_file('current', symlink_to='.')
+                    self.expect_file('parent', symlink_to='.')
+                    self.expect_file('evil')
 
         else:
             # No symlink support. The symlinks are ignored.
@@ -4174,6 +4183,76 @@ def test_sly_relative2(self):
                     + """['"].*moo['"], which is outside the """
                     + "destination")
 
+    @symlink_test
+    @os_helper.skip_unless_symlink
+    def test_normpath_realpath_mismatch(self):
+        # The link-target check must validate the value that will actually
+        # be written to disk (the normalised linkname), not the original.
+        # Here 'a' is a symlink to a deep nonexistent path, so realpath()
+        # of 'a/../../...' stays inside the destination while normpath()
+        # collapses 'a/..' lexically and escapes.
+        depth = len(self.destdir.parts) + 5
+        deep = '/'.join(f'p{i}' for i in range(depth))
+        sneaky = 'a/' + '../' * depth + 'flag'
+        for kind in 'symlink_to', 'hardlink_to':
+            with self.subTest(kind):
+                with ArchiveMaker() as arc:
+                    arc.add('a', symlink_to=deep)
+                    arc.add('escape', **{kind: sneaky})
+                with self.check_context(arc.open(), 'data'):
+                    self.expect_exception(
+                        tarfile.LinkOutsideDestinationError)
+
+    @symlink_test
+    @os_helper.skip_unless_symlink
+    def test_symlink_trailing_slash(self):
+        # A trailing slash on a symlink member's name must not cause the
+        # link target to be resolved relative to the wrong directory.
+        with ArchiveMaker() as arc:
+            t = tarfile.TarInfo('x/')
+            t.type = tarfile.SYMTYPE
+            t.linkname = '..'
+            arc.tar_w.addfile(t)
+            arc.add('x/escaped', content='hi')
+
+        with self.check_context(arc.open(), 'data'):
+            self.expect_exception(tarfile.LinkOutsideDestinationError)
+
+    @symlink_test
+    @os_helper.skip_unless_symlink
+    def test_link_at_destination(self):
+        # A link member whose name resolves to the destination directory
+        # itself must be rejected: otherwise the destination is replaced
+        # by a symlink and later members can be redirected through it.
+        for name in '', '.', './':
+            with ArchiveMaker() as arc:
+                t = tarfile.TarInfo(name)
+                t.type = tarfile.SYMTYPE
+                t.linkname = '.'
+                arc.tar_w.addfile(t)
+
+            with self.check_context(arc.open(), 'data'):
+                self.expect_exception(tarfile.OutsideDestinationError)
+
+    @symlink_test
+    @os_helper.skip_unless_symlink
+    def test_empty_name_symlink_chain(self):
+        # Regression test for a chain of empty-named symlinks that
+        # incrementally redirects the destination outwards.
+        with ArchiveMaker() as arc:
+            for name, target in [('', ''), ('a/', '..'),
+                                 ('', 'dummy'), ('', 'a'),
+                                 ('b/', '..'),
+                                 ('', 'dummy'), ('', 'a/b')]:
+                t = tarfile.TarInfo(name)
+                t.type = tarfile.SYMTYPE
+                t.linkname = target
+                arc.tar_w.addfile(t)
+            arc.add('escaped', content='hi')
+
+        with self.check_context(arc.open(), 'data'):
+            self.expect_exception(tarfile.FilterError)
+
     @symlink_test
     def test_deep_symlink(self):
         # Test that symlinks and hardlinks inside a directory
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2026-05-03-21-00-00.gh-issue-149486.tarflt.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2026-05-03-21-00-00.gh-issue-149486.tarflt.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..7c69edb683cf80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2026-05-03-21-00-00.gh-issue-149486.tarflt.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:func:`tarfile.data_filter` now validates link targets using the same
+normalised value that is written to disk, strips trailing separators from
+the member name when resolving a symlink's directory, and rejects link
+members that would replace the destination directory itself. This closes
+several path-traversal bypasses of the ``data`` extraction filter.